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   Yemen /History 950-115 BCE: Kingdom of Sheba, whose riches were based upon caravan trade and agriculture with artificial watering. Around 400: The Sabaean king of Yemen visits Yathrib in Arabia, and converts to Judaism. He makes it the state religion of Yemen. 7th century: Conversion into Islam, the region joins the Caliphate. 9th century- 1517 Shi'i (Zayyid) dynasties in the north. 1517-1635: Ottoman supremacy. 1538: Aden captured by the Ottomans. 19th century: British establishes a foothold on the southern coast. 1839: The British captures Aden. 1869: The building of the Suez Canal brings Aden to an important position in international trade. 1882-1918: The British increases its position into most of what became South Yemen (incl. Hadramawt). 1918: (Northern) Yemen gets independence with the fall of the Ottoman Empire. 1918- 34: Conflict between Yemen and the British on the status of Aden and Hadramawt. 1958- 61: Yemen enters a union with United Arab Republic. 1959: Small states in the areas around Aden and in Hadramawt establishes The South Arabian Federation. 1962: Republican coup in Yemen against the Zayyidi Caliph. Civil war starts. Egypt supports the republicans, Saudi Arabia the Caliph's party. 1962: Aden joins The South Arabian Federation. 1967: Civil war ends in the north. 1967: Independence for People's Republic South Yemen. 1969: Communists win a conflict in South Yemen. Name changes to People's Democratic Republic of Yemen (1970). 1970: Treaty between the two groups of the civil war in the north. Republic remains. 1972: Military conflict between the northern and the southern Yemen. Peace treaty concludes with a forthcoming unification of the two countries. 1974: Coup in the north. 1978: Ali Abdallah Salah becomes the new president of the northern Yemen. 1978- 79: Crisis and war between the north and south of Yemen. 1988, 1989: Treaties on unity are signed. 1990: Unification. Ali Abdallah Salah becomes president of the united Yemen. 1991: Referendum on new constitution. 1991- 92: Unstable conditions and popular unrest. 1993: Democratic elections, several parties. Salah remains president. 1993: Disputes between prime minister Abu Bakru l-Attas (from the south) and Salah on the road of unification. 1994 May: Civil war starts, by southern groups receving large sums in foreign aid, mainly from Saudi Arabia. A new state of South Yemen is declared, named Democratic Republic of Yemen, governed from Aden. — July 7: Aden falls, and with it the short-lived Democratic Republic of Yemen. 1999: First direct presidential elections held, reelecting Saleh. 2004 June: Armed conflict in the northwestern governorate Sa'dah begins. |
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